Dogs rely on their back legs for everything from running and playing to simply getting around the house. So, when a limp develops, it’s a clear sign that something isn’t quite right. Whether your dog’s limp appeared suddenly or has gradually worsened over time, understanding the potential causes helps ensure they receive the care they need. If your dog is struggling with a limp, the experienced team at Compass Veterinary Neurology & Imaging is here to provide the expert care your pet needs. Call us at (410) 224-0121 ext. 5 or book an appointment online today.
1. Injury or Trauma
Whether it’s a sprain, strain, or a more serious injury like a fracture, dogs can easily hurt themselves while playing, running, or jumping. Even a small misstep can result in a painful injury that causes limping. Signs of an injury might include swelling, bruising, or visible wounds. If your dog has recently been active and is now limping, an injury could be the cause. Have any potential injury evaluated by a veterinarian to determine the best course of action for your pet.
2. Arthritis
As dogs age, they may develop arthritis, a condition that causes inflammation and stiffness in the joints. Arthritis is particularly common in larger breeds, but it can affect dogs of any size. This condition often leads to limping in the back legs, especially after periods of rest or during cold weather. You might notice your dog seems stiff when getting up or is reluctant to engage in physical activity. While arthritis can’t be cured, there are treatments available that can help manage the pain and improve your dog’s quality of life.
3. Hip Dysplasia
Hip dysplasia is a genetic condition that affects many dogs, particularly large breeds. This condition occurs when the hip joint doesn’t fit properly into the hip socket, leading to pain and discomfort. Over time, hip dysplasia can cause a dog to limp, favoring one or both back legs. In severe cases, hip dysplasia can lead to arthritis or even dislocation of the hip joint. If you suspect your dog has hip dysplasia, consult with a veterinarian who can provide a proper diagnosis and discuss treatment options.
4. Luxating Patella
A luxating patella occurs when the kneecap (patella) moves out of its normal position, causing a dog to limp or skip on their back legs. This condition is more common in smaller breeds, but it can affect dogs of any size. Luxating patella can be caused by a congenital defect, injury, or the gradual weakening of the structures that support the kneecap. Depending on the severity of the condition, your veterinarian may recommend surgery to correct the problem and prevent future limping.
5. Cruciate Ligament Injury
The cruciate ligament is a key structure in a dog’s knee that helps stabilize the joint. Injuries to this ligament, such as a tear or rupture, are common and can cause significant pain and limping in the back legs. Dogs with a cruciate ligament injury may exhibit signs such as sudden lameness, swelling around the knee, or difficulty bearing weight on the affected leg. This type of injury often requires surgical intervention to repair the ligament and restore your dog’s mobility.
Partial Tears
In some cases, dogs may experience a partial tear of the cruciate ligament, which can cause intermittent limping or favoring of one leg. These tears can worsen over time, so monitor your dog and seek veterinary care if you notice persistent limping.
6. Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)
Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a condition that affects the spinal discs, leading to pain, weakness, and limping in the back legs. IVDD is particularly common in breeds with long backs, such as Dachshunds, but it can occur in any dog. The symptoms of IVDD can range from mild discomfort to complete paralysis of the back legs. If your dog is showing signs of back pain, reluctance to move, or dragging their back legs, seek veterinary care immediately.
7. Neurological Disorders
Conditions such as degenerative myelopathy, nerve damage, or spinal cord injuries can lead to weakness, loss of coordination, and limping. These conditions are often progressive, meaning they can worsen over time. If your dog is exhibiting signs of a neurological disorder, such as wobbling, dragging their feet, or difficulty standing, a thorough neurological evaluation is necessary to determine the underlying cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
Degenerative Myelopathy
Degenerative myelopathy is a progressive disease that affects the spinal cord, leading to weakness and loss of coordination in the back legs. This condition is most commonly seen in older dogs and certain breeds, such as German Shepherds. While there is no cure for degenerative myelopathy, early diagnosis and supportive care can help manage the symptoms.
8. Iliopsoas Muscle Injury
The iliopsoas muscle, located deep in the hip, is vital for your dog’s back leg movement. Injuries to this muscle, often caused by sudden activity or strenuous exercise, can result in noticeable limping and pain. Active dogs, especially those involved in sports, are particularly at risk. Signs of an iliopsoas injury include difficulty climbing stairs, jumping, or walking without favoring a leg. Because these symptoms can mimic other issues, a proper veterinary diagnosis is crucial. Treatment typically involves rest, physical therapy, and pain management.
What to Do if Your Dog is Limping on Their Back Legs
Limping in dogs’ back legs can be caused by a variety of conditions, from injuries to chronic diseases. If you notice your dog is limping, seek veterinary care to determine the underlying cause and provide appropriate treatment. At Compass Veterinary Neurology & Imaging, we specialize in diagnosing and treating conditions that affect your dog’s mobility. Whether your dog’s limp is due to a minor injury or a more serious condition, our team is here to help. Contact us today at (410) 224-0121 ext. 5 or book an appointment online to get your dog on the path to recovery.